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Scleroderma is a complex autoimmune connective tissue disorder characterized by excessive collagen production, leading to skin thickening, organ fibrosis, and vascular complications. This condition can affect the skin, digestive system, lungs, heart, and kidneys, often resulting in chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction.

A functional medicine approach focuses on identifying root causes, reducing systemic inflammation, supporting immune balance, and optimizing gut health to improve quality of life and symptom management.

What Is Scleroderma?

Scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis (SSc), is an autoimmune disorder that leads to the hardening and tightening of connective tissues. It results from overactive fibroblasts producing excess collagen, leading to fibrosis (scarring) of the skin and internal organs.

Types of Scleroderma

1. Localized Scleroderma – Primarily affects the skin and underlying tissues, often appearing as morphea (localized patches of thickened skin) or linear scleroderma.
2. Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) – Can be limited (CREST syndrome) or diffuse, affecting internal organs, blood vessels, and connective tissues.

Symptoms of Scleroderma

Common Symptoms

• Skin thickening and tightness – Most noticeable on the fingers, hands, and face
• Raynaud’s phenomenon – Decreased blood flow to the fingers and toes, causing cold sensitivity and color changes
• Chronic fatigue and muscle weakness
• Joint stiffness and pain
• Digestive issues – GERD, bloating, malabsorption, and slow gut motility
• Shortness of breath and lung fibrosis – Seen in systemic sclerosis

Root Causes and Triggers of Scleroderma

Scleroderma is driven by immune dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and environmental triggers. Identifying and addressing these factors can help improve symptoms and slow disease progression.

1. Gut Dysbiosis and Intestinal Permeability

Dysfunction in the gut microbiome and leaky gut (intestinal permeability) can contribute to autoimmune activation.

• Imbalanced gut bacteria can trigger systemic inflammation.
• Leaky gut allows food particles and toxins to enter the bloodstream, activating the immune system.

2. Chronic Infections and Immune Dysregulation

Viral infections (Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus) and bacterial dysbiosis have been linked to autoimmune diseases, including scleroderma.

• Chronic infections can overstimulate the immune system, leading to persistent inflammation.
• Parasitic infections and Lyme disease may also be underlying triggers.

3. Environmental Toxins and Heavy Metals

Exposure to silica, solvents, pesticides, and heavy metals (mercury, lead, cadmium) can increase the risk of connective tissue disorders.

• These toxins contribute to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and immune imbalance.

Functional Medicine Strategies for Managing Scleroderma

1. Supporting Gut Health and Reducing Inflammation

A gut-focused approach can help reduce autoimmune activation and improve nutrient absorption.

• Probiotics (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains) – Help balance gut bacteria.
• L-glutamine and zinc carnosine – Support gut lining integrity.
• Elimination of inflammatory foods (gluten, dairy, processed sugars) – Reduces immune overactivation.

2. Nutritional Strategies for Immune Modulation

Since nutrient deficiencies are common in scleroderma, replenishing key vitamins and minerals can support immune balance and connective tissue health.

• Vitamin D – Regulates immune function and reduces autoimmunity.
• Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA from fish oil) – Anti-inflammatory benefits for joint and vascular health.
• Magnesium and selenium – Support mitochondrial function and detoxification.

3. Detoxification and Reducing Oxidative Stress

Scleroderma is associated with high oxidative stress and poor detoxification capacity.

• Glutathione and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) – Help neutralize toxins and reduce fibrosis risk.
• Sulforaphane (from cruciferous vegetables) – Supports liver detox pathways.
• Infrared sauna therapy – Enhances toxin elimination.

4. Autoimmune Balancing Through Stress Management

Chronic stress triggers autoimmune flares and worsens inflammation. Supporting stress resilience can improve scleroderma symptoms.

• Meditation and breathwork – Reduce cortisol and immune dysregulation.
• Adaptogenic herbs (ashwagandha, rhodiola, holy basil) – Support adrenal function and stress response.
• Regular movement (yoga, tai chi, low-impact exercise) – Maintains joint flexibility and circulation.

5. Mitochondrial and Collagen Support

Since scleroderma affects collagen production and mitochondrial function, targeted support is essential.

• Collagen peptides and bone broth – Strengthen connective tissues.
• CoQ10 and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) – Boost mitochondrial energy production.
• Hydration and silica-rich foods (cucumber, horsetail, bell peppers) – Improve skin and joint health.

Managing Scleroderma with Functional Medicine

Scleroderma is a complex autoimmune condition, but addressing gut health, immune modulation, detoxification, and mitochondrial function can help manage symptoms and slow progression.

Looking for Expert Guidance on Scleroderma and Autoimmune Health?

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